The society was established in the mid 1800’s under the names of the East Baton Rouge Medical Society and was one of the first Parish Societies to organize in Louisiana.  On September 30, 1903, Doctors Allen, Caruthers, Cushman, Duchein, Dupree, Forman, Fridge, McVea, Singleatry, Stirling and Sitman, under the guidance of Louisiana State Medical Society President, Doctor J. M. Barrier, officially organized the East Baton Parish Medical Society, adopting the constitution and bylaws suggested by the state society, with a few minor changes.  The following officers elected at that meeting included:  President, Doctor J. W. Dupree ( Baton Rouge, LA); Vice President, Doctor G. W. Sitman ( Burtville, LA); Secretary/Treasurer, Doctor Charles McVea ( Baton Rouge, LA).

In the years prior to 1890 just four doctors, Thomas Jefferson Buffing, MD, Richard Hance Day, Md, James Bertrand Duchein, MD, and James W. Dupree, MD, lived and served the Baton Rouge community.  By 1929 Baton Rouge was classified as a wide-awake, progressive city of 50,000, and the seventh port of the United States.  There were fifty-eight physicians, classified as follows:  Surgery 3; Medicine 21; Medicine and Surgery 20, Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat 6; Pediatrics 3; Obstetrics and Gynecology 1; urology 1; Pathology 2: and Anesthesia 1; and two modern hospitals with a total bed capacity of two hundred.  There were eighty-three graduate registered nurses and sixty in the two training schools.

By the year 2006, the population in the area grew to over 429,073 in East Baton Rouge Parish, 22,463 in West Baton Rouge Parish, and 114,805 in Livingston Parish, with over 1500 physicians serving these communities.

During the Annual Membership Meeting held on November 20, 2008 it was unanimously approved to change the name of the society from the East Baton Rouge Medical Society to the Capital Area Medical Society.  This change allows the organization to be more inclusive and representative of the physicians that are served by the society.